将近一周后以色列的突然袭击在伊朗问题上，最高领袖哈梅内伊星期三说，在以色列寻求消除其核项目之际，伊朗“不会投降”。
“战争将遭到战争，轰炸将遭到轰炸，打击将遭到打击。伊朗不会屈服于任何要求或命令，”哈梅内伊在伊朗半官方的国家通讯社Tasnim的评论中说。
在他发表上述言论之前，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普(Donald Trump)呼吁投降。
领导伊朗超过35年的哈梅内伊在以色列的突然袭击后躲藏了起来。
以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡没有排除在冲突中以哈梅内伊为目标，两国每天都进行空袭。
以下是关于这位最高领袖的一些信息:
哈梅内伊什么时候上台的?
86岁的哈梅内伊自伊朗开国最高领袖鲁霍拉·霍梅尼1989年去世后一直领导着伊朗，霍梅尼在推翻伊朗最后一个国王穆罕默德·礼萨·巴列维后领导了伊朗10年。
霍梅尼罢免了他的潜在继任者侯赛因·阿里·蒙塔泽里(Hossein-Ali Montazeri)，转而将这一职位交给了哈梅内伊，后者在霍梅尼死后被专家大会选为新的最高领袖。
在担任最高领袖长达数十年之前，哈梅内伊曾于1981年至1989年担任伊朗总统。
根据华盛顿智库的说法，最高领袖“根据宪法，实际上是伊朗的终身领袖”外交关系委员会.
该组织称，“根据政治权威来自宗教权威的理论，伊朗宪法指定总统办公室为国家元首，并赋予其巨大的控制权。”该组织指出，该职位的权力包括“制定国家政策并监督其实施，以及指挥武装部队和任命军事首领以及伊斯兰革命卫队(IRGC)和警察的负责人。”
如果哈梅内伊被淘汰或推翻会怎样?
据以色列官员称，以色列的突袭行动击中了伊朗核计划的核心，袭击了关键设施，杀死了数名核科学家和高级军事领导人。
美国广播公司新闻(ABC News)和其他媒体本周报道称，特朗普拒绝了以色列暗杀伊朗最高领袖的计划，担心这将使正在进行的冲突升级。
内塔尼亚胡告诉ABC新闻周一，针对哈梅内伊将结束，而不是升级，正在进行的战斗。当被问及以色列是否会以最高领袖为目标时，内塔尼亚胡表示，以色列正在“做我们需要做的事情”
以色列国防部长伊斯雷尔·卡茨第二天在一份声明中警告说，如果哈梅内伊继续“犯下战争罪行并向以色列公民发射导弹”，他的命运可能与被处决的伊拉克领导人萨达姆·侯赛因相似。
目前还不清楚哈梅内伊去世后谁将继任，因为还没有公开提名继任者。外交关系委员会中东研究高级研究员雷·塔凯赫说，还不清楚继任者是否会拥有与他在政权中同等程度的权力关于冲突的新闻简报“其他权力中心将拥有自己的特权，而这个政权的决策将更加混乱。”
伊朗全国抵抗委员会(National Council of Resistance of Iran)当选总统玛丽亚姆·拉贾维(Maryam Rajavi)周三告诉欧洲议员，以色列的突然袭击代表着“伊朗内部危机和该地区更广泛动态的关键新篇章的开始”。全国抵抗委员会是伊朗持不同政见团体的联盟她说，只有“伊朗人民和有组织的抵抗者改变政权”才能确保地区和平。
Takeyh在新闻发布会上说，现在的问题是，“即使在国家被削弱的情况下，社会能否压倒国家?”
“我不知道这个问题的答案，”他说。"我认为回答那个问题太油嘴滑舌了。"
谁是礼萨·巴列维?
居住在美国的伊朗流亡王储礼萨·巴列维一直倡导建立一个世俗民主的伊朗。他是被1979年伊朗革命废黜的伊朗末代国王的儿子。
最近几天，64岁的巴列维呼吁伊朗人民起来反对德黑兰政府。
巴列维说:“我们感觉到，由于人们开始叛变，由于政权的亲属逃跑，由于领导人本人躲在地下隧道里，政权几乎处于崩溃状态。”告诉ABC新闻直播星期二。“我认为这是我们在过去四十年中从未有过的机会，这是我们最终战胜并摆脱这个政权的最好机会。”
巴列维在X上说如果这个伊斯兰共和国垮台，有一个“伊朗未来的计划”。
他在周二的一篇帖子中说，“我们为倒台后的第一个百日、过渡期以及建立一个由伊朗人民和伊朗人民组成的国家民主政府做好了准备。”。
Who is Iran's supreme leader? Ali Khamenei vows not to surrender against Israel
Nearly a week afterIsrael's surprise attackon Iran, Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei said Wednesday that Iran will "NOT surrender," as Israel seeks to eliminate its nuclear program.
"War will be met with war, bombing with bombing, and strike with strike. Iran will not submit to any demands or dictates," Khamenei said in comments carried by Tasnim, Iran's semi-official state news agency.
His remarks follow a call from President Donald Trump to surrender.
Khamenei, who has led Iran for over 35 years, has gone into hiding in the wake of Israel's surprise assault.
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has not ruled out targeting Khamenei amid the conflict, which has seen the two countries conduct daily aerial attacks.
Here's what to know about the supreme leader:
When did Khamenei come to power?
Khamenei, 86, has led Iran since the death in 1989 of its founding supreme leader, Ruhollah Khomeini, who had led Iran for 10 years after toppling the country's last shah, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.
Khomeini dismissed his would-be successor, Hossein-Ali Montazeri, and instead gave the position to Khamenei, who was elected as the new supreme leader by the Assembly of Experts following Khomeini's death.
Before his decadeslong rule as the supreme leader, Khamenei served as president of Iran from 1981 to 1989.
The supreme leader is "effectively Iran's leader for life, per the constitution," according to the D.C.-based think tankCouncil on Foreign Relations.
"Iran's constitution designates the office as head of state and affords it vast control under the theory that political authority springs from religious authority," the organization said, noting the position's powers include "setting national policies and supervising their implementation, as well as commanding the armed forces and appointing military chiefs and the heads of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and police."
What happens if Khamenei is eliminated or overthrown?
Israel's surprise operation hit at the heart of Iran's nuclear program, striking key facilities and killing several nuclear scientists as well as high-ranking military leaders, according to Israeli officials.
ABC News and other outlets reported this week that Trump rejected an Israeli plan to assassinate Iran's supreme leader, concerned that it would escalate the ongoing conflict.
Netanyahutold ABC Newson Monday that targeting Khamenei would end, not escalate, the ongoing fight. Asked if Israel would target the supreme leader, Netanyahu said that Israel was "doing what we need to do."
Israeli Defense Minister Israel Katz warned in a statement the following day that Khamenei's fate could be similar to that of executed Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein if he continues to "commit war crimes and fire missiles at Israeli citizens."
It is unclear who will succeed Khamenei in the event of his death, as no successor has been publicly named. It is also unclear if a successor will have the same degree of authority he has in the regime, according to Ray Takeyh, a senior fellow for Middle East studies with the Council on Foreign Relations, who said during apress briefing on the conflictthat "other centers of power will have their own prerogatives and the regime will be much more chaotic in its decision-making."
Maryam Rajavi, the president-elect of the National Council of Resistance of Iran -- a coalition of dissident Iranian groups -- told European lawmakers on Wednesday that Israel's surprise attack represents "the beginning of a critical new chapter, both in Iran's internal crisis and the broader dynamics of the region." Only "regime change by the people of Iran and the organized resisters" can ensure regional peace, she said.
The question now, Takeyh said during the press briefing, is, "Can the society overwhelm the state even in its weakened condition?"
"I don't have the answer to that question," he said. "I think it'd be too glib to offer an answer to that question."
Who is Reza Pahlavi?
Reza Pahlavi, the exiled crown prince of Iran who resides in the United States, has been advocating for a secular democratic Iran. He is the son of Iran's last shah, who was deposed by the 1979 Iranian Revolution.
In recent days, Pahlavi, 64, has called on Iranians to rise up against the government in Tehran.
"We are sensing almost a state of collapse by the regime -- by people beginning to defect, by relatives of the regime taking flight, by the leader himself hiding in an underground tunnel," Pahlavitold ABC News Liveon Tuesday. "I think that this is an opportunity that we have never had this far in the past four decades, and this is the best opportunity for us to finally overcome this regime and get rid of it."
Pahlavisaid on Xthat there is a "plan for Iran's future" should the Islamic Republic fall.
"We are prepared for the first hundred days after the fall, for the transitional period, and for the establishment of a national and democratic government -- by the Iranian people and for the Iranian people," he said in a post on Tuesday.
