在航天局历史性的绕月飞行之后，美国国家航空航天局公布了下一次阿耳忒弥斯任务的宇航员名单。
据toNASA称，Artemis III希望在2027年在太空发射系统火箭的顶部发射猎户座飞船，执行一项“复杂”的任务。
美国国家航空航天局官员宣布，机组人员包括欧洲航天局欧洲宇航员团队中的三名美国人和一名意大利宇航员:美国国家航空航天局宇航员和指挥官兰迪·布雷斯尼克，欧空局宇航员和意大利飞行员卢卡·帕米塔诺，以及美国国家航空航天局宇航员和任务专家弗兰克·卢比奥和安德烈·道格拉斯。
另一名美国国家航空航天局宇航员鲍勃·海因斯被任命为后备队员，他也将与四名宇航员一起训练。
美国国家航空航天局约翰逊航天中心主任瓦妮莎·威奇在宣布全体成员的活动中说:“这次任务将吸引全世界，并给我们带来地球的欢乐。”。
在活动中，阿尔特弥斯二号指挥官里德·怀斯曼象征性地将一根接力棒交给了布雷斯尼克，阿尔特弥斯二号的其他成员也加入了进来。
“全世界都在关注你的使命，在这10天里，我们看到了你是如何激励全世界人民的。布雷斯尼克告诉他们，你看到了人们心中的某些东西是如何被点燃的，通过观看你的任务，我们所有人都被点燃了，”他指的是阿尔特弥斯二号船员点燃的接力棒是“奥林匹克火炬”。“我们，阿尔忒弥斯三号船员，很荣幸能够携带火炬前进，能够执行我们的任务，让火焰燃烧得更亮，并传递下去。”
布雷斯尼克和他的机组成员一起感谢他们的家人、美国国家航空航天局和欧洲航天局，感谢他们在这次任务中“代表全人类的机会”。
“我的大脑，它现在每分钟走一英里，但我的心，我的心，它是如此温暖。它太满了，”道格拉斯说。
怀什说，“非凡的船员”将“引领人类走向月球的下一步。”
“令人难以置信的阿尔特弥斯2号船员只是一个开始，他们做了绝对出色的工作，”美国国家航空航天局管理员贾里德·伊萨克曼在周二的活动中说，他说船员“再次向我们展示了月球，他们再次向我们展示了地球。”
阿尔特弥斯二号机组人员是第一个用太空发射系统火箭发射并测试猎户座飞船的人。阿尔特弥斯三号任务将做同样的事情，但是由蓝色起源和太空探索技术公司的火箭和月球着陆器加入。
“这将是美国国家航空航天局承担的最复杂的任务之一，”美国国家航空航天局飞行行动主任诺姆·奈特周二说。
Artemis III任务预计将持续两周左右，“旨在承担适当的风险，以便未来的宇航员在我们踏上月球表面时更加安全，并最终取得成功，”美国国家航空航天局月球到火星计划办公室代理助理副助理行政官Jeremy Parsons在周二的活动中说。
艾萨克曼说，这四名宇航员将在接下来的一年里为他们的任务进行训练，“确保从以前的宇航员那里学到的经验教训得到落实，并协助开发着陆器和操作程序，这对他们的同事在未来的Artemis任务中是必要的”。
美国国家航空航天局说，机组人员将在近地轨道上绕地球飞行，并测试猎户座飞船与蓝色起源和太空探索技术公司的商业着陆器之间的交会对接能力，这是宇航员登陆月球的必要条件。宇航员将在对接操作中度过几天，在此期间，他们将操作着陆器，“对生命支持系统进行关键的测试，这只能在太空中进行。”
帕森斯说，即将到来的任务的更新包括一个新的对接系统，一个改进的隔热罩和更新的通信技术，以“改善我们在猎户座和地面之间的数据交换”。
该声明是在蓝色起源公司的一枚新型格伦火箭在静态射击测试中撞上发射塔，摧毁了运载工具并损坏了发射场近两周之后发布的。
帕森斯说，尽管存在“异常”，但他们“有信心”将着陆器送入轨道所需的火箭将为阿尔特弥斯三号任务做好准备。蓝色起源公司的约翰·库鲁里斯周二也表示，他们预计着陆器将于2027年准备发射。
Artemis III原计划是一次载人登月之旅，但是Isaacman在二月份说计划已经改变。
紧随航空航天安全顾问委员会的一份报告之后，该委员会评估了美国国家航空航天局的安全性能，并提出了改善上述性能的建议。专家组的报告认为先前的Artemis III时间表是“高风险的”
Artemis计划下的测试飞行正在朝着2028年的月球表面任务发展。
阿尔特弥斯三号是继成功的阿尔特弥斯二号任务之后的，后者在今年四月完成了为期10天的绕月之旅。
这四名机组人员旅行了近70万英里，并在50多年来首次环绕月球的远端。
溅落之后，伊萨克曼告诉ABC新闻，阿尔特弥斯二号只是朝着在月球上建立永久基地并最终将宇航员送上火星的目标迈出的第一步。
美国国家航空航天局的Wiseman、Victor Glover和Christina吊床Koch以及加拿大航天局的Jeremy Hansen组成了Artemis II的乘员组。科赫是第一个绕月旅行的女性，格洛弗是第一个绕月旅行的有色人种。
Artemis III astronauts revealed for 'complex' NASA mission
NASA has revealed the astronauts selected for the next Artemis mission, following the space agency'shistoric lunar flyby.
Artemis III is hoping to launch the crew in the Orion spacecraft on top of the Space Launch System rocket in 2027 in a "complex" mission, according toNASA.
The crew includes three Americans and an Italian astronaut in the European Astronaut Corps for the European Space Agency: NASA astronaut and commander Randy Bresnik, ESA astronaut and pilot Luca Parmitano of Italy, and NASA astronauts and mission specialists Frank Rubio and Andre Douglas, NASA officials announced.
Another NASA astronaut, Bob Hines, was named as a backup crew member and will also train with the four astronauts.
"This mission is going to captivate the world and bring us Earth joy," Vanessa Wyche, director of NASA's Johnson Space Center, said during an event announcing the crew.
During the event, Artemis II Commander Reid Wiseman symbolically passed a baton to Bresnik while joined by other members of the Artemis II crew.
"The world watched your mission, and over the course of those 10 days, we saw how you inspired people worldwide. You saw how something was ignited within people, it was ignited within all of us by watching your mission," Bresnik told them, referring to the baton as an "Olympic torch" that the Artemis II crew lit. "We, the Artemis III crew, are honored to be able to carry this torch forward, to be able to execute our mission, to make that flame burn brighter and pass it on."
Bresnik joined his fellow crew members in thanking their families, NASA and the European Space Agency for the "opportunity to represent all of humanity" on the mission.
"My brain, it is going a mile a minute right now, but my heart, my heart, it is so warm. It is so full," Douglas said.
Wyche said the "extraordinary crew" will "lead humanity's next steps toward the moon."
"The incredible crew of Artemis II was just the beginning, and they did an absolutely outstanding job," NASA Administrator Jared Isaacman said during Tuesday's event, saying that crew "showed us the moon again, and they showed us the Earth again."
The Artemis II crew was the first to launch on the Space Launch System rocket and test the Orion spacecraft. The Artemis III mission will do the same, but joined by rockets and lunar landers from Blue Origin and SpaceX.
"This mission will be one of the most complex that NASA has undertaken," NASA Flight Operations Director Norm Knight said Tuesday.
The Artemis III mission is expected to last around two weeks and "is deliberately designed to take calculated risk so that future crews will be safer and ultimately successful when we put boots on the lunar surface," Jeremy Parsons, acting assistant deputy associate administrator for NASA's Moon to Mars Program Office, said during Tuesday's event.
The four astronauts will train for their mission over the next year and "ensure the lessons learned from the prior crew are implemented and assist in the development of the landers and operational procedures that will be necessary for their colleagues on future Artemis missions," Isaacman said.
The crew will fly in low Earth orbit on a circular trajectory around Earth and test rendezvous and docking capabilities between the Orion spacecraft and commercial landers from Blue Origin and SpaceX, which is necessary for landing astronauts on the moon, NASA said. The astronauts will spend several days in docked operations, during which they will operate the lander and "get critical test of the life support systems that can only be done in space."
Updates slated for the upcoming mission include a new docking system, an improved heat shield and updated communication technologies to "improve our data exchange between Orion and the ground," Parsons said.
The announcement comes nearly two weeks after one of Blue Origin's New Glenn rocketsexplodedon the launch tower during a static fire test, destroying the vehicle and damaging the launch site.
Parsons said that despite the "anomaly," they are "confident" that the rocket, which is needed to get the lander into orbit, will be ready for the Artemis III mission. John Couluris of Blue Origin also said Tuesday they expect the lander to be ready for launch in 2027.
Artemis III was originally planned to be a crewed trip to the lunar surface, but Isaacman said in February that the schedule had changed.
It came on the heels of areportfrom the Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel, which evaluates NASA's safety performance and offers recommendations on improving said performance. The panel's report deemed the previous Artemis III timeline as "high risk."
The test flights under the Artemis program are building toward a lunar surface mission by 2028.
Artemis III follows the successfulArtemis II mission, which completed a 10-day journey around the moon in April of this year.
The four-person crew traveled nearly 700,000 miles and looped around the far side of the moon for the first time in more than 50 years.
Following splashdown, Isaacman told ABC News that Artemis II is just the first step toward the goal of establishing a permanent base on the moon and eventually sending astronauts to Mars.
Wiseman, Victor Glover and Christina Hammock Koch of NASA and Jeremy Hansen of the Canadian Space Agency made up the Artemis II crew. Koch was the first woman and Glover was the first person of color to travel around the moon.
