美国总统唐纳德・特朗普周五下令政府部门，在史密森尼学会旗下美国国家历史博物馆门外设立标牌，告知参观者馆内部分展品内容不准确。这是特朗普试图重塑美国历史叙事方式的最新举措。
白宫国内政策委员会 7 月 4 日发布一份报告，特朗普此番行动正是紧随这份报告而来。报告指责史密森尼学会及其美国国家历史博物馆的管理层，讲述历史的方式 “不足以振奋人心、凝聚共识，配不上我们伟大的共和国”。
总统无权直接罢免史密森尼学会管理层，也不能直接下令修改馆内展品。因此这份行政令将目标锁定在博物馆门前的人行道区域，这片区域由美国国家公园管理局负责管护。行政令要求设置标牌，向参观者介绍这份白宫报告，并引导民众查阅特朗普口中关于 “美国历史的准确资料”。行政令同时要求开设一处临时展览，用以修正他认定存在错误的历史内容。
史密森尼学会相关官员暂未对此作出回应。
本周国会听证会上，美国国家历史博物馆馆长安西娅・哈蒂格公开反驳白宫这份报告。 “我们还在核对报告中的各项说法，但我们坚定地认为，这份报告无法公允、客观地概括博物馆的全部工作。” 哈蒂格对议员表示，“改进空间永远存在，但我清楚，我们的馆藏、展览与公共项目之中，蕴藏着价值、启迪与专业积淀。”
史密森尼学会独立于联邦行政体系之外，各博物馆馆长向学会秘书长朗尼・邦奇汇报工作，而学会整体接受董事会(摄政委员会)监督。
特朗普持续向史密森尼学会施压、要求调整展览内容，是这名共和党总统改造国内文化阵地的又一步行动。在他看来，高校、文艺机构等文化领域主流立场与保守派价值观格格不入。特朗普此前亲自出任约翰・肯尼迪表演艺术中心董事会主席，计划全面调整演出内容;他提名组建的董事会投票决定，将特朗普名字刻在建筑之上，不过随后一名联邦法官下令拆除相关标牌。
特朗普还对华盛顿以外的多处历史遗址推行内容调整，其中包括费城。上周，政府赢得法院裁决，获准重新安装一批解说展板;批评人士认为，这批展板淡化华盛顿故居相关的奴隶制历史。数月以来，学者、民权团体与公职人员一直心存担忧：遵照特朗普指令修订后的历史叙事，会刻意弱化美国历史中的苦难，一味渲染辉煌成就。
早在今年 3 月，特朗普就签署行政令，表露改造史密森尼学会的意图。政令要求削减那些宣扬 “分裂叙事” 与 “不当意识形态” 项目的资金。
Trump orders new signs outside Smithsonian saying some exhibits are inaccurate
PresidentDonald Trumpordered his administration Friday to install signs in front of theSmithsonian Institution's U.S. history museum telling visitors that some of the exhibits are inaccurate, his latest move to reshape how the story of the United States is told.
Trump's movefollows a reportreleased July 4 by his Domestic Policy Council saying leaders of the Smithsonian and its National Museum of American History don't tell history “in a way that is inspiring, unifying, and worthy of our great republic.”
The president lacks authority to quickly fire the Smithsonian leadership or to order changes to exhibits, so his executive order targets the sidewalks out front, which are maintained by the National Park Service. His executive order calls for signs telling visitors about the White House report and directing them to resources for what he calls “accurate information regarding America’s history.” It also calls for a temporary exhibit that corrects information he deems inaccurate.
Smithsonian officials did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
Anthea M. Hartig, director of the American history museum, pushed back on the White House report during congressional hearings this week.
“As we continue to fact check the report, we unwaveringly attest that it does not fairly or accurately characterize the full body of work at the museum,” she told lawmakers. “There is always room for improvement. But I also know the beauty and the inspiration and the expertise that lies in our collections, our exhibits, and our programming.”
The Smithsonian operates outside the executive branch and museum directors report to Secretary Lonnie Bunch, who is subject to oversight from a Board of Regents.
Trump’s escalating effort to force changes at the Smithsonian marks the Republican president’s latest move to transform cultural pillars of society, such as universities and art, that he considers out of step with conservative sensibilities. Trump hadhimself installed as chairman of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Artswith the aim of overhauling programming, and his handpicked board voted to add his name to the building, only to have a federal judge laterorder the signs to be removed.
Trump has also imposed changes on historical sites beyond Washington, including in Philadelphia, where the administrationwon a court rulinglast week allowing it to reinstall interpretive panels that critics say whitewash the history of slavery at the site of President George Washington’s home. Advocates, academics and officials have been concerned for months that the version that complies with Trump’s order could give a history thatplays down the painin the nation’s past in favor of a more triumphant view.
Trump in March revealed hisintention to force changesat theSmithsonian Institutionwith anexecutive orderthat targeted funding for programs that advanced “divisive narratives” and “improper ideology.”
